In 2026, the Certificado de Eficiencia Energética (EPC) is no longer just a colorful sticker you buy for €100. It is now a primary legal document that controls your ability to advertise, your tax bill, and whether you are exempt from rent caps.

Here is what is legally required regarding your building’s energy status:

1. The Mandatory Certificate (The “Admission Ticket”)

• Requirement: You legally cannot list your property for rent (long-term or holiday) without a valid Energy Performance Certificate.

• The Fine: Listing a property without displaying the rating (A–G) carries fines from €300 to €6,000.

• Validity: Certificates last 10 years. If you made renovations (new windows, boiler), your old certificate is obsolete and potentially costing you money (see point 3).

2. The “Stressed Zone” Loophole (Crucial for Landlords)

If your property is in a declared “Stressed Market Zone” (e.g., Madrid, Barcelona, Malaga), you are strictly capped on how much you can raise the rent (usually capped at 3% or a new government index).

• The Exception: Under the Housing Law (Ley de Vivienda), you are legally allowed to raise the rent by up to 10% (bypassing the cap) IF you can prove you have completed energy rehabilitation works that achieved a 30% reduction in non-renewable primary energy consumption.

• Bottom Line: Insulation isn’t just about warmth; it is the only legal way to significantly raise rents in high-demand areas.

3. The “F & G” Warning (The 2030 Cliff)

• Current Status (Jan 2026): Unlike France (which has already banned renting G-rated flats), Spain does not yet strictly ban renting out F or G-rated properties. You can still legally rent them today.

• The Risk: The EU’s Energy Performance of Buildings Directive (EPBD) has set a deadline. Spain must bring residential buildings to a minimum “E” rating by 2030 and “D” by 2033.

• Advice: If you own an F or G property, you are on a “ticking clock.” Selling or renting these units will become progressively harder and potentially illegal within 4 years.

4. Tax Deductions (IRPF)

The Spanish Treasury (Hacienda) subsidizes your renovations. If you rent out the property as a primary residence (long-term), you can deduct a percentage of the renovation costs from your personal income tax:

• 20% Deduction: For reducing heating/cooling demand by 7% (e.g., new windows).

• 40% Deduction: For reducing consumption by 30% or achieving an “A” or “B” rating.

• 60% Deduction: For whole-building rehabilitation (usually involves façade insulation).

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